Web服务器实现

代码注解版本

from socket import *import sys# 创建TCP套接字，使用IPv4协议，类型为TCPserverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)# 指派服务器地址和端口serverPort = 6789serverSocket.bind(("", serverPort))# 设置监听，最大连接数为1serverSocket.listen(1)while True:    print('The server is ready to receive')    # 等待客户端连接，返回新的连接套接字和地址    connectionSocket, addr = serverSocket.accept()    try:        # 接收客户端的HTTP请求，最大接收1024字节        message = connectionSocket.recv(1024).decode()        # 提取URL中的路径，假设格式为“/filename.html”        filename = message.split()[1]                # 打开对应的文件        # [1:]用于去掉前导斜杠，避免错误        try:            f = open(filename[1:])            # 读取文件内容            outputdata = f.read()            # 发送HTTP响应头            connectionSocket.send("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n".encode())            # 发送文件内容            for i in range(0, len(outputdata)):                connectionSocket.send(outputdata[i].encode())            # 发送结束标记            connectionSocket.send("\r\n".encode())        except IOError:            # 文件不存在，返回404 Not Found            connectionSocket.send("HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n\r\n".encode())            connectionSocket.send("404 Not Found
\r\n".encode())    except Exception as e:        # 处理其他错误，例如连接中断        print(f"Error: {e}")    finally:        # 关闭客户端连接        connectionSocket.close()        # 关闭服务器套接字        serverSocket.close()        # 退出程序        sys.exit()

简洁版本

from socket import *import sys# 创建TCP套接字，使用IPv4协议，类型为TCPserverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)# 指派服务器地址和端口serverPort = 6789serverSocket.bind(("", serverPort))# 设置监听，最大连接数为1serverSocket.listen(1)while True:    print('The server is ready to receive')    # 等待客户端连接，返回新的连接套接字和地址    connectionSocket, addr = serverSocket.accept()    try:        # 接收客户端的HTTP请求        message = connectionSocket.recv(1024).decode()        # 提取文件名        filename = message.split()[1][1:]        # 打开文件        try:            f = open(filename, 'r')            # 读取文件内容            outputdata = f.read()            # 发送HTTP响应头            connectionSocket.send("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n".encode())            # 发送文件内容            connectionSocket.send(outputdata.encode())            # 发送结束标记            connectionSocket.send("\r\n".encode())        except IOError:            # 文件不存在，返回404            connectionSocket.send("HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n\r\n".encode())            connectionSocket.send("404 Not Found
\r\n".encode())    except Exception as e:        print(f"Error: {e}")    finally:        connectionSocket.close()        serverSocket.close()        sys.exit()